Histological analysis of different types of port-wine stains to guide clinical decision making: A retrospective study

Background and objectives: Port-wine stains are defined as congenital benign vascular lesions. The treatment of port-wine stains remains a challenge, worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the histological characteristics in different types of port-wine stains and provide guidance for clinical decision-making. Methods and materials: Biopsies were from the hospital from 2015 to 2021. H&E staining, Immunofluorescence staining, Masson’s trichrome staining and Weigert staining were performed on the tissues. Results: A total of 35 port-wine stains patients were included in the study of four distinct types, namely red port-wine stains (11 cases), purple port-wine stains (seven cases), hypertrophic port-wine stains (nine cases) and nodular port-wine stains (eight cases). The mean vessel diameter of the different types was 38.7 ± 5.9 ?m, 93.5 ± 9.7 ?m, 155.6 ± 21.8 ?m and 155.6 ± 29.54 ?m, respectively. Mean vessel depth was 396.4 ± 31 ?m, 944.2 ± 105.4 ?m, 2,971 ± 161.3 ?m and 3,594 ± 364.6 ?m, respectively. The vessels in red port-wine stains, purple port-wine stains and hypertrophic port-wine stains were mainly composed of capillary and venous malformations, whereas those in nodular port-wine stains were venous or arteriovenous malformations. Limitation: The main limitation of the current study was the small number of patients. Conclusion: As the disease progresses, vessel diameters become larger, the vessel wall becomes thicker and vessels were found in a greater depth. A treatment plan should be scientifically formulated keeping in mind the histological characteristics of port-wine stains.

Resveratrol elongates the lifespan and improves antioxidant activity in the silkworm Bombyx mori / 药物分析学报

A number of research has shown that the plant polyphenol resveratrol,one of the most prominent small molecules,has beneficial protective effects in multiple organisms,including worms,flies,and killifish.To understand the effects of resveratrol on lifespan,we evaluated its effects in the silkworm Bombyx mori.In this study,we found that lifespan was significantly prolonged in both female and male silkworms treated with resveratrol.Silkworm larval weight was significantly increased from day 3 of the 5th larval instar(L5D3) to day 7 of the 5th larval instar (L5D7).However,the weight of the pupa,cocoon,and total cocoon was not significantly different in female silkworms with resveratrol treatment than that in controls.Meanwhile,resveratrol significantly improved the thermotolerance of the silkworms,which enhanced their survival rate.Moreover,antioxidant activity was increased by resveratrol in both female and male silkworms.Furthermore,an antioxidant-related signalling pathway,SIRT7-FoxO-GST,was activated in silkworms with resveratrol treatment.Collectively,these results help us to understand the molecular pathways underlying resveratrol induced pro-longevity effects and indicate that silkworm is a promising animal model for evaluating the effects of lifespan-extending drugs.

The Role of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Regulation of Akt/GSK-3ß Signaling Pathway in Mice Following Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract Purpose: To investigate whether the neuroprotective effect of TSA on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury is mediated by the activation of Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=15): sham group (S); ischemia reperfusion group (IR); ischemia reperfusion and pretreated with TSA group (IR+T); ischemia reperfusion and pretreated with TSA and LY294002 group (IR+T+L). The model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion was established by 1h of MCAO following 24h of reperfusion. TSA (5mg/kg) was intraperitoneally given for 3 days before MCAO, Akt inhibitor, LY294002 (15 nmol/kg) was injected by tail vein 30 min before the MCAO. Results: TSA significantly increased the expression of p-Akt, p-GSK-3β proteins and the levels of SOD, Bcl-2, reduced the infarct volume and the levels of MDA, ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, Caspase-3, TUNEL and attenuated neurological deficit in mice with transient MCAO, LY294002 weakened such effect of TSA dramatically. Conclusions: TSA could significantly decrease the neurological deficit and reduce the cerebral infarct volume, oxidative stress, inflammation, as well as apoptosis during cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, which was achieved by activation of the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Myocardial ischemic post-conditioning protects the lung against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced damage by activating GSK-3

Abstract Purpose: To investigate whether modulating GSK-3β could attenuate myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) induced acute lung injury (ALI) and analyze the underlying mechanism. Methods: Male SD rats were subjected to MIRI with or without myocardial ischemic post-conditioning in the presence or absence of GSK-3β inhibitor. GSK-3β inhibitor was injected peritoneally 10min before MIRI. Lung W/D weight ratio, MPO, PMNs, histopathological changes, TUNEL, Bax, Bcl-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, GSK-3β, and caspase-3 were evaluated in the lung tissues of all rats. Results: After MIRI, lung injury was significantly increased manifested as significant morphological changes and increased leukocytes in the interstitial capillaries, Lung W/D ratio, MPO, and PMN in BALF, which was associated with enhanced inflammation evidenced by increased expressions of IL-6, IL-8 and reduced expression of IL-10. MIRI significantly increased cell apoptosis in the lung as increased levels of apoptotosis, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and reduced expression of Bcl-2 was observed, which was concomitant with reduced p-GSK-3β. All these changes were reversed/prevented by ischemic post-conditioning, while these beneficial effects of ischemic post-conditioning were abolished by GSK-3β inhibition. Conclusion: Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury induces acute lung injury by induction of inflammation and cell apoptosis. Ischemic post-conditioning protects the lung from ALI following MIRI by increasing p-GSK-3β.

Effects of coupling meglumine cyclic adenylate and the human granulocyte colony-ostimulating factor on rat with diastolic heart failure / 中华老年医学杂志

Objectives To explore the clinical effect of coupling meglumine cyclic adenylate (MCA)and the human granulocyte colony-ostimulating factor (G-CSF)on rat with diastolic heart failure(DHF).Methods Totally 60 rats of DHF model were evenly divided into 4 groups according to random number:Control group(n=15,control),Model group(n=15,DHF model),MCA group(n =15,treated with MCA)and MCA+GCSF group(n=15,treated with MCA plus G-CSF).MCA group were administered by intragastric injection of MCA 30 mg/kg/d for 15 d,MCA+G-CSF group were administered by intragastric injection of MCA 30 mg/kg/d and plus G-CSF 100 μg/kg/d for 15 d,while Control group and Model group were given same volume of saline solution.BIOPAC SYSTEM was used to analyze the model establishment.The mRNA levels of GATA-4 and Cx43 were measured by RT-PCR.The protein expressions of GATA-4,Cx43,cTNI and c-kit were measured with western blotting.ELISA and flow cytometry were used to detect cAMP and differentiation rate of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs),respectively.Results Compared with MCA group,the denaturation degree of myocardial tissues in DHF rat was significantly improved than in MCA+G-CSF group.Moreover,the level of GATA-4 (1.62 ± 0.09),Cx43 (1.02 ± 0.07),cTNI (1.42 ± 0.12),c-kit (0.65±0.02),cAMP(283.67± 18.09)nmol/L and BMSCs cell differentiation rate(38.62 ± 1.52)％ in MCA + GCSF group were significantly promoted (all P＜ 0.05)than in MCA group,GATA-4 (0.82±0.07),Cx43 (0.52±0.05),cTNI(0.86 ± 0.13),c-kit (0.48 ± 0.03),cAMP(198.83 ± 16.03) nmol/L and BMSCs cell differentiation rate (19.82 ± 0.89)％.Conclusions The combination of MCA with G-CSF is significantly improved DHF than single MAC treatment,which may regulate BMSCs differentiation though cAMP/PKA signaling pathways.